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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect and safety of ulnar osteochondroma resection, ulnar minimally invasive osteotomy, external fixation and ulnar lengthening in the treatment of forearm deformity of metaphyseal extension of ulna.@*METHODS@#From August 2005 to December 2013, there were 20 cases of ulnar metaphyseal sequelae, including 15 males and 5 females, aged from 7 to 13(10.00±2.34) years, the course of disease ranged for 6 to 11(8.10±1.52) months. The clinical manifestations were shortening of the affected forearm and bending to the ulnar side. The postoperative evaluation included pain, activities of daily living, orthopedic effect and the range of motion of wrist, elbow and forearm. The radiological evaluation included ulnar length, radial joint inclination angle and wrist epiphysis growth.@*RESULTS@#All patients healed without infection. The only operation related to complications was ulnar lengthening, including 1 case of nonunion, 2 cases of ulnar lengthening callus fracture and 1 case of temporary radial nerve palsy. All patients were followed up for 4 to 7.5 years, with an average of (6.03±1.33) years. There were statistically significant differences in changes of wrist radial deviation, ulnar deviation, forearm pronation and supination in all cases (@*CONCLUSION@#Ulnar lengthening is not beneficial to prevent the development of long-term deformity. Simple resection of osteochondroma of distal ulna is beneficial to prevent the development of deformity. Patients with limited rotation of wrist joint and forearm and strong demand for improvement of appearance can be actively treated.
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Female , Humans , Male , Activities of Daily Living , Elbow Joint , Radius/surgery , Range of Motion, Articular , Treatment Outcome , Ulna/surgery , Wrist Joint/surgeryABSTRACT
Osteoprotegerin (OPG), secreted by osteoblasts, is a marker of bone turnover. OPG can inhibit osteoclastic differentiation by binding receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). In this study, we found that rutaecarpine (RUT) had the up-regulating OPG activity, and it could significantly increase OPG protein levels in both mouse embryonic osteogenic precursor MC3T3-E1 and human osteosarcoma U-2OS cells. Osteoblastogenic differentiation calcified nodules staining results showed that RUT significantly promoted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Osteoclastic differentiation tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining results showed that RUT obviously inhibited the osteoclast differentiation of mouse macrophages RAW264.7 induced by RANKL. In vivo studies showed that low-dose RUT group (5 mg·kg-1·day-1) and high-dose RUT group (45 mg·kg-1·day-1) treatments for 3 months significantly increased bone density in ovariectomized (OVX) rats; calcein double labeling experiment and toluidine blue staining results indicated that low-dose RUT group promoted bone formation and decreased bone loss in vivo; immunohistochemistry results showed that low-dose RUT group increased the expression of OPG in rat femur. All animal procedures were performed in accordance with the regulations of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. In summary, this study demonstrated that RUT could up-regulate OPG expression and had promoting osteoblastic differentiation and inhibiting osteoclastic differentiation effects in vitro and in vivo.
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DRGs is one of the most advanced methods of payment in the world.It can control the unreasonable growth of medical expenses to a certain extent.China has also began to explore DRGs payment methods,and has tried to play an active role in medical insurance cost control.Compared with foreign DRGs,Chinese DRGs has a unique cost control mechanism,and its cost control effect will be affected by many environmental variables.
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BACKGROUND: Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from different sources share many similar characteristics, they also exhibit individual properties. OBJECTIVE: To compare the biological characteristics of MSCs derived from umbilical cord and decidua parietalis. METHODS: Growth curve, cell doubling time, clone formation rate, immune phenotype, differentiation capacity and secreted cytokine levels were analyzed in MSCs derived from umbilical cord and decidua parietalis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MSCs from umbilical cord and the decidua basalis exhibited similar morphology, spiral growth, S-shaped growth curve, immunophenotype, and differentiation potentials to osteogenesis and adipogenesis. For two kinds of MSCs, the positive rates of CD73, CD90 and CD105 were over 95% and the positive rates of CD34 and CD45 were below 1%. The growth rate, cell doubling time and clone formation rate of umbilical cord derived MSCs at passages 2 and 5 were significantly higher than those of decidua parietalis derived MSCs at passages 2 and 5 (P < 0.05). The level of epidermal growth factor secreted from umbilical cord MSCs was significantly higher that that from decidua basalis derived MSCs, while the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and stem cell growth factor from umbilical cord derived MSCs was significantly lower those from decidua basalis derived MSCs (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that MSCs from both sources have similar biological properties, but umbilical cord derived MSCs are deemed to have better application prospects.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide in children with cough variant asthma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The databases CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, EMbase, and BioMed Central were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide in the treatment of children with cough variant asthma. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed for RCTs which met the inclusion criteria, and RevMan 5.3 software was used to perform quality assessment of the articles included and Meta analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 11 RCTs involving 1 097 patients were included. The results of the Meta analysis showed that compared with the control group (inhalation of budesonide alone), the observation group (inhalation of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide) had significantly higher overall response rate and more improved pulmonary function parameters including forced expiratory volume in the first second, percentage of forced expiratory volume in the first second, and peak expiratory flow, as well as significantly lower recurrence rate (P<0.01). The incidence of adverse events showed no significant difference between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Inhalation of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide has a significant effect in children with cough variant asthma and does not increase the incidence of adverse events.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Acetates , Anti-Asthmatic Agents , Asthma , Drug Therapy , Bronchodilator Agents , Budesonide , Cough , Drug Therapy , Drug Therapy, Combination , QuinolinesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the therapic effects of the recompression treatment schedule D2 (breathing 100% oxygen at 0.12 MPa gauge pressure) on the type I decompression illness (DCI) by hyperbaric chamber pressurized with air.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The recompression treatment schedule D2 was from the decompression treatment tables of <Leaflet for the Treatment of Illness in Compressed Air> in Germany BGI690. Seven cases on work site group (work site group) and five cases in hospital (hospital group) were treated using recompression treatment. All cases suffered from type I DCI after normal decompression procedures from working in compressed air in tunnel construction. These patients were treated with basic schedule D2 or extended schedule D2 according to the symptoms of the cases responded to recompression therapy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the work site group, the pains of joints, arms and legs were released quickly, the therapic effects appeared at (8.1 +/- 8.1) min, the cases were cured with a recompression therapy of basic schedule D2, the total mean time of treatment was (150 +/- 0.0) min. In the hospital group, the pains of joints, arms and legs disappeared slowly, the therapic effects appeared at (115.0 +/- 60.0) min, the cases were cured with a recompression therapy of extended schedule D2, the total mean time of treatment was (270.0 +/- 0.0) min, which was significantly longer than that in the work site group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The treatment pressure is 0.12 MPa(gauge pressure) in schedule D2 with medical hyperbaric chamber pressurized with air,which can be used for treatment of type I DCI, the curative effects in the work site group are better than those in the hospital group.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Decompression , Methods , Decompression Sickness , Therapeutics , Diving , Hyperbaric Oxygenation , Methods , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the safety and effectiveness of the Mo. Ma proximal cerebral protection device during carotid artery stenting. Methods: The clinical data of 6 patients with severe internal carotid artery stenosis diagnosed by the Department of Interventional Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University from December 2008 to May 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. They were underwent carotid artery stenting and used Mo. Ma cerebral protection device. Neurological and head MRI examinations were performed before and 3 months after the procedure. Results: The clinical symptoms of the 6 patients were improved. The captured small plaques were found in the filter protection device. No patients had dislodgement of emboli. The severe internal carotid artery stenosis were improved significantly after the procedure (residual stenosis rate of <30%). No new ischemic lesions were found in intraoperative and postoperative MRI reexamination. During the use of Mo. Ma cerebral protection device, one patient had the upstream of external carotid blood and the distal cerebral protection device was added. One patient had acute coronary syndrome after surgery and improved after active treatment. Conclusion: In patients with severe carotid artery stenosis who performed stenting, the using of INVATEC Mo. Ma proximal cerebral protection device is relatively safe and effective, but further studies with larger sample is necessary.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the methods and effects of the reconstruction of tumor-induced bone defects with vascularized fibula graft.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From Oct. 1996 to Jan. 2005, 89 patients with bone defects were treated with fibula graft using different methods. Among the patients, 48 patients were male and 41 patients were female, ranging in age from 12 to 67 years, with an average of 35 years. Thirty-five patients were treated with inlay bone grafting after excision of focus, 15 patients were treated with single or double-strut fibula graft after tumor resection, 16 patients were treated with fibular head graft for juxta articular tumor resection, and 23 patients were treated with double-strut fibula combined with iliac graft after marginally resection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Enneking evaluation system was used to evaluate therapeutic effects. Among 35 patients treated with inlay bone graft after excision, 29 patients were followed up, and 26 patients got an excellent result, 1 good and 2 poor. Among 15 patients treated with single or double-strut fibula graft after tumor resection, 12 patients were followed up, and 8 patients got an excellent result, 1 good, 1 poor and 2 bad. Among 16 patients treated with fibular head graft for juxta articular tumor resection, 12 patients were followed up, and 7 patients got an excellent result, 3 good,1 poor and 1 bad. Among 23 patients treated with double-strut fibula combined with iliac graft after marginally resection, 17 patients were followed up, and 11 got an excellent result, 3 good, 1 fair and 2 bad.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These treatment methods can greatly enrich the treatment methods for bone tumor, and satisfy the reconstruction after bone tumor excision in different position of the four limbs. These methods are reliable and can be chosen according to disease types.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Bone Neoplasms , General Surgery , Bone Transplantation , Methods , Fibula , Transplantation , Follow-Up Studies , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
In the present research, patch-clamp whole-cell recording was used to study the developmental changes of the internal horizontal synaptic plasticity in layer II/III of rats' primary visual cortices. Pairing stimulation was used to induce long term potentiation (LTP) of neurons in layer II/III from layer II/III and layer IV. The data indicate that: (1) Responses of layer II/III neurons can be evoked independently at II/III-II/III and IV-II/III synapses by horizontal and vertical stimulations; (2) LTP can be induced from neurons in the layer II/III by horizontal tetanic stimulation at II/III-II/III synapses till postnatal day12 (P12, before eyes open); (3) Meanwhile, only short term potentiation (STP) at IV-II/III synapses can be induced by horizontal tetanic stimulation before eyes open; (4) After P12, a robust LTP at IV-II/III synapses can be induced by horizontal tetanic stimulation; (5) At P14, when vertical and horizontal tetanic stimulations were given to the same neuron, the LTP at IV-II/III synapses was weaker than that induced by vertical stimulation alone, suggesting that vertical synaptic modification was negatively regulated by horizontal inputs when two-direction synaptic inputs were presented at the same time; (6) Spontaneous responses of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) in the layer II/III neuron of rats' primary visual cortices are regulated by the development. The frequency of AMPARs-mediated postsynaptic currents was at a low level before eyes open, increased sharply at P12-P14, and slightly decreased after P18. And the amplitude of spontaneous AMPARs currents slowly decreased after P12. The results demonstrated that both the strength of horizontal synaptic modification and the effects of horizontal inputs on the vertical synaptic connection are regulated by the development. II/III-II/III synaptic communication has dual effects on the IV-II/III synapses, which may be involved in a competitive machinery of neural circuitry maturation and the formation of visual function columns.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Long-Term Potentiation , Neuronal Plasticity , Neurons , Physiology , Patch-Clamp Techniques , Receptors, AMPA , Physiology , Synapses , Physiology , Visual Cortex , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Objective To study the influence of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) on development of alveolar epithelial cell Ⅱ (AECⅡ) and expression of pulmonary surfactant protein B(SP-B) in premature rats.Methods Wistar rats at 19 days gestation were paunched to get embryo and primary AECⅡculture.The rats were divided into 4 groups ,VEGF-165 group,Dexamethasone group,VEGF and Dexamethason group,control group. AECⅡ and SP-B expression were measured by immunology histochemistry.Results SP-B had positive expression in VEGF group, Dexamethason group, VEGF and Dexamethason group. SP-B had negative expression in control group.Conclusion VEGF-165 can increase SP-B positive expression and secret of AECⅡ.VEGF promotes lung maturity.
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Biotransformation of bioactive natural leading compounds is a kind of bioprocess in which the structure of the added bioactive natural leading compounds could be modified by biocatalysts(e.g.,enzyme,microbial,plant and animal cells) in order to produce high efficient and low toxicity compounds.The biotransformation purpose of the known bioactive natural leading compounds is to improve its efficiency,or reduce its toxicity,or improve its solubility and bioavailability.The trace and high-valued bioactive natural leading compounds also could be produced by the biotransformation,and the biotransformation of bioactive natural leading compounds is still helpful to study the mechanism of drug metabolism.The current focus of the biotransformation of bioactive natural leading compounds is on the compounds of steroid,quinine,flavone and terpene,and some important biotransformation process has been successfully screened out.Fundamental research should be done in the following fields,such as the biotransformation mechanism of bioactive natural leading compounds,biotransformation process engineering,and the efficiency evaluation of bioproducts produced by biotransformation.The latest biotechnology(e.g.,directed evolution of biocatalyst,combinatorial biotransformation,non-aqueous biotransformation,high throughput screening) should be introduced to the biotransformation of bioactive natural leading compounds,which will boost its fast development.
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Objective To study the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)on production of pulmonary surfactants.Method Fetal rat lungs were obtained at 19-day gestation.Primary culture of typeⅡalveolar epithelial cells(AECⅡ)was performed using IgG panning technique.The rats was divided into groups: VEGF,Dexamethasone,VEGF plus Dexamethasone and a control.Total phospholipids,phosphatidylcholine (PC),phosphatidyl glycerol(PG)and sphingornyelin(SM)were determined.Results expressed as mean?SEM. Comparison between groups were made with LSD-t test and one -way ANOVA.Result VEGF,Dexamethasone and VEGF plus Dexamethasone groups showed increased amount of total phospholipids and its compositions on the first day of culture.Conclusions VEGF-165 promotes the production and secretion of pulmonary surfactant. VEGF and Dexamethason may go through different mechanism for enhancement of synthesis of pulmonary surfactant,thereby improve biological function of AECⅡ.
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This paper reports the surface morphology and I-V curves of porous silicon (PS) samples and related devices. The observed fabrics on the PS surface were found to affect the electrical property of PS devices. When the devices were operated under different external bias (10 V or 3 V) for 10 min, their observed obvious differences in electrical properties may be due to the different control mechanisms in the Al/PS interface and PS matrix morphology.
Subject(s)
Electrochemistry , Methods , Electrodes , Electromagnetic Fields , Gold , Chemistry , Materials Testing , Molecular Conformation , Porosity , Silicon , Chemistry , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM AND METHODS</b>By hydrogen gas clearance technique to measure gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and a high dose of capsaicin to ablate the capsaicin-sensitive afferent fibers, the roles of capsaicin-sensitive afferent fibers and endogenous NO in the gastric acid secretion and hyperemic response to intragastric distention were studied in rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) There was an increase in acid secretion associated with the increase in GMBF to intragastric distention. (2) Pretreatment with a high dose of capsaicin to ablate afferent fibers completely abolished the GMBF and partially inhibited the acid secretion during the intragastric distention. (3) The increase in GMBF to intragastric distention was completely blocked by pretreatment with L-NAME, whereas the acid secretion was significantly attenuated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Capsaicin-sensitive afferent fibers and endogenous NO are involved in the increases of gastric acid secretion and GMBF.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Capsaicin , Pharmacology , Gastric Acid , Bodily Secretions , Gastric Dilatation , Metabolism , Gastric Juice , Bodily Secretions , Gastric Mucosa , NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester , Neurons, Afferent , Nitric Oxide , Physiology , Rats, Sprague-DawleyABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), gastrin 17 (G17), bombesin (Bom), met-enkephalin (Met-enk), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and somatostatin (SS) on GMBF and the role of endogenous NO in increased GMBF induced by neuropeptides in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>By hydrogen gas clearance technique to measure gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and arterial infusion close to stomach or intracerebroventricular (icv) to microinject neuropeptides.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Arterial infusions of CGRP and G17 (5, 50 and 100 pmol x min(-1)) increased GMBF significantly in dose-dependent manners. CGRP had more effective effect on increasing GMBF than that of G17. Intravenous pretreatment of L-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) to inhibit the synthesis of endogenous NO could abolish completely or partially the increases in GMBF response to CGRP or G17 respectively. (2) Arterial infusions of Bom and Met-enk (50 and 100 pmol x min(-1)) increased GMBF significantly. The increases in GMBF induced by Bom or Met-enk were abolished completely or partially by pretreatment of L-NAME respectively. (3) Arterial infusion of NPY (5, 50 and 100 pmol x min(-1)) led to reduction of GMBF significantly in a dose-dependent manner. SS (50 and 100 pmol x min(-1)) also reduced GMBF significantly. (4) icv microinjection of CGRP (10 microg) and G17 (10 Microg) increased GMBF significantly. The increases in GMBF induced by icv microinjection of CGRP or G17 were blocked completely or partially respectively by pretreatments with L-NAME. (5) icv microinjection of NPY (10 microg) decreased GMBF significantly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Neuropeptides play important roles in the regulation of GMBF in rats and NO is involved in the increase of GMBF induced by some neuropeptides.</p>